采用普适的嵌入原子模型模拟Ph30Ag70,Pb40Ag60和Pb60Ag403种合金体系的升温过程,用于计算合金体系的微观及宏观性质.首先模拟298-1498 K时体系的生成焓,进而得到不同温度下合金体系生成自由能和过剩自由能,Pb30Ag70,Pb40Ag60和 Pb60Ag40 3种合金的过剩自由能分别为1.26,1.66和1.90 kJ,与实验值符合较好,3种合金的过剩自由能均为正值,合金中原子间平均相互作用较小.同时计算合金的结合能及形成能等能量函数,计算得到Pb-Ag合金的结合能随温度升高不断降低,即合金中原子间平均相互作用不断降低.Pb-Ag合金的形成能为正值,表明合金为正偏差体系,随着温度的升高,合金形成能的绝对值不断降低趋近于0,可以判断合金与理想熔体间的偏离程度不断降低,合金体系趋近于理想熔体,合金中Pb含量越大,合金与理想熔体的偏离程度越小,通过对形成能的计算可以定量的判断合金与理想熔体的偏离程度.
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