以硝酸亚铈和原钒酸钠为原料,采用水热和模板导向结合的方法制备出了晶形规整的钒酸铈纳米棒.探讨了模板剂、pH值和水热时间等因素对产物形貌和结构的影响,并用XRD,SEM,TEM等对产物的物相、结构和形貌进行了表征.结果表明,制备的产物为纯净的单一体心四方结构的钒酸铈纳米棒.其长度为1～2 μm,径向尺寸分布为30～50 nm.制备钒酸铈纳米棒的最佳工艺参数为:以EDTA为模板剂、水热温度为180℃、pH值为9、水热时间为24 h.模板剂、pH值和水热反应时间对制备CeVO4纳米棒有着非常重要的影响.EDTA的加入能够促进钒酸铈纳米微粒的形核;pH值影响粒子的聚集状态;水热时间的延长有利于制备结晶性能更好的钒酸铈纳米微粒.
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