采用化学镀方法在烧结钕铁硼表面制备了Ni-P/Ni-Co-P合金镀层,研究了Ni-P预镀层与多孔基材界面结合特征、不同金属离子浓度比[Co2+]/[Ni2++Co2+]对镀层成分、组织结构及表面形貌的影响.结果表明:Ni-P预镀层与钕铁硼基材呈犬牙交错,增加了界面的有效结合面积,提高了结合强度,说明预镀层溶液具备较强的深镀能力;Ni-P/Ni-Co-P镀层间结合紧密,两者具有优异的相容性和相似的结构特征.Ni-Co-P镀层表面由不同尺寸胞状物组成,组织致密,孔隙率几乎为零;随金属离子浓度比值的增加,镀层表面颜色由暗银白色变为亮银白色,镀层中Ni和P含量降低,Co含量增加,表明镀层成分与镀液中主盐金属离子的浓度密切相关.XRD分析结果表明,随金属离子浓度比的增加,镀层呈现由非晶结构向微晶结构转变的趋势.在金属离子浓度比为0.3～0.5范围内,镀层表面胞块尺寸随金属离子浓度比的增加而减小;当金属离子浓度比值增至0.6时,镀层表面胞块尺寸变大,且呈微晶形态,说明在0.5～0.6之间存在一临界值,小于此值,镀层组织结构为细小的非晶态胞块形貌,大于此值,镀层则由非晶态结构开始发生向微晶组织结构转变.
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