采用粉末冶金法在3种温度下制备了60Ni40Fe,10Cu50Ni40Fe和65Cu25Ni10Fe3种合金,并分别作为惰性阳极在700℃钾冰晶石低温体系(CR=1.3)中进行5 A级的实验室规模铝电解,电解电流密度为0.5 A·cm-2,电解时间为8.0 h.3种NiFe合金阳极体系电解过程相差明显,不含有Cu的60Ni40Fe合金阳极电解过程槽电压波动较大,原铝的纯度仅为91.23%;65Cu25Ni10Fe合金阳极电解过程中槽电压比较平稳,平均槽电压为3.422 V,但是原铝中杂质Cu含量达到4.5%;10CuSONi40Fe合金阳极电解过程槽电压比较平稳,平均槽电压为3.829 V,原铝的纯度可达99.74%,是3种合金中电解性能最优的阳极.采用XRD,SEM和EDS等手段分析合金阳极电解后表面组成、结构及形貌的变化情况.表明3种NiFe合金阳极表面氧化膜成分相差明显,60Ni40Fe和65Cu25Ni10Fe合金阳极表面分别生成了NiO和Ni0.8Cu0.2O,结构比较疏松.10Cu50Ni40Fe合金阳极表面氧化膜的元素扫描表明各元素为层状分布,在合金基体表面生成了比较致密的Ni1.25Fe1.85O4,Ni1.25Fe1.85O4对合金阳极具有很好的保护作用,抑制了熔盐及氧对合金基体的腐蚀.
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