VGF技术生长单晶时温度梯度较低,生长速率较小.目前已成为生长大直径、低位错密度晶体的主流技术之一.采用数值模拟研究了VGF法6英寸低位错Ge单晶的生长,结果表明在采用自主研发的VGF炉生长6英寸Ge单晶时,晶体生长过程中晶体与熔体中均具有较低的温度梯度(这里的温度梯度是指的界面附近的温度梯度),尤其当晶体生长进入等径生长阶段后,晶体中的轴向温度梯度在2-3K·cm-1之间,熔体中的轴向温度梯度0.8-1.0 K·cm-1之间;晶体中的热应力除边缘外均在(2-9)x10~4 Pa之间,低于Ge单晶的临剪切应力,且晶体生长界面较平整;坩埚与坩埚托之间的间隙对于晶体生长中的"边界效应"影响显著,将8mm间隙减小至2 mm后,埚壁外侧的径向热流增加,使得晶体边缘的最大热应力减小至0.21 MPa和Ge单晶的临剪切应力相当,实现了热场的优化.
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