用磁控溅射法在单晶硅和聚酰亚胺衬底上制备了恒定调制比(η=1)、调制周期λ=10～ 100 nm的Cu/Mo纳米多层膜,运用XRD,HRTEM,EDX,AFM,单轴拉伸系统、显微硬度仪和电阻仪对多层膜的微观结构、表面形貌和力学及电学性能进行了研究.结果表明,Cu/Mo多层膜中的Cu层和Mo层分别具有Cu( 111)和Mo(110)择优取向,Cu层呈柱状纳米晶、Mo层为极细纳米晶结构,Cu/Mo层间界面处存在一定厚度的扩散混合层.Cu/Mo多层膜的结构和性能受到调制周期和Cu层厚度的显著影响.在调制比η=1的条件下,随着调制周期的增加,软相Cu层厚度增大,Cu/Mo多层膜总体的屈服强度和显微硬度明显下降,裂纹萌生临界应变εc和电导率则显著上升.主要原因在于,随Cu层厚度的增加,Cu晶粒尺寸增大,Cu层内晶界密度降低,使Cu层的位错运动阻力减小、塑性变形能力增强,Cu层内电子散射效应减弱.同时当Cu/Mo多层膜总厚度恒定时,多层膜中Cu层和Mo层的层间界面数量亦随Cu层厚度的增加而减少,减弱了层间界面的电子散射效应,从而使多层膜电导率得以提高.
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