针对氯化物体系中金的浸出反应进行热力学计算,分别绘制出Au-Cl-H2O体系电位-pH图、lg[Au(Ⅲ)]-pH图、lg[ Cl -] -pH图,并分析了金氯化浸出过程的热力学影响因素.电位-pH图中存在着金氯络合物的稳定区域,在pH为中性或弱酸性并保持氧化电位高于0.9V的条件下,金将以AuCl4-的形态浸出.AuCl4-的稳定性很差,易受氯化物浓度、AuCl4-浓度等热力学因素的影响.加大氯化物浓度或降低AuCl4-浓度,在热力学上有利于金的浸出.在保证金尽可能浸出的角度来说,热力学上最佳条件为pH 3.5～7.8、氧化电位高于0.9V、氯化物浓度高于1 mol·L-1,AuCl4-浓度1×10-5～1×10-4 mol·L-1.
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