在直接甲酸燃料电池的研究中,催化剂的选择、制备和性能研究依然是探索的重点.虽然PtBi合金已被报道用于甲酸的电化学催化氧化且具有良好的催化性能,但由于这些物理或化学制备方法耗时而且烦琐的操作,探索更加简便的制备方法已经成为一种必要.采用恒电势沉积手段在玻碳电极上制备了均匀分散的球形PtBi纳米颗粒,PtBi纳米颗粒的平均直径为(63±20) nm,Pt∶ Bi的原子比为1.18,非常接近于溶液中[ PtCl6] 2-∶Bi3+的摩尔比(1.11),表明恒电势电沉积适于作为一种简单而有效的方法用于制备粒径较为均匀、符合预定化学成分的PtBi纳米颗粒.采用循环伏安法和计时安培法考察了该催化剂对甲酸电化学氧化的催化性能.结果显示,在0.5 mol·L-1H2SO4溶液中,甲酸在PtBi纳米颗粒所修饰电极上的氧化起始电势较之在PtRu纳米颗粒所修饰电极上的氧化起始电势至少负移了200 mV；在1.0mol.L-1NaOH溶液中,PtBi和PtRu纳米颗粒上的起始电势之差更扩大到了大约400 mV.而且,无论是在酸性还是碱性溶液中,PtBi纳米颗粒上的甲酸电氧化具有更高的电流密度.实验结果表明,所制备的PtBi纳米颗粒都展现了较PtRu纳米颗粒更高的催化活性.
参考文献
| [1] | 洪平,廖世军.直接甲酸燃料电池研究进展[J].现代化工,2009(08):15-20,22. |
| [2] | 沈娟章,杨改秀,唐亚文,陆天虹.直接甲酸燃料电池的研究进展[J].应用化学,2010(08):869-874. |
| [3] | Schmidt TJ.;Grgur BN.;Markovic NM.;Ross PN.;Behm RJ. .Formic acid oxidation on pure and Bi-modified Pt(111): Temperature effects[J].Langmuir: The ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids,2000(21):8159-8166. |
| [4] | Daniele S;Bergamin S .Preparation and voltammetric characterisation of bismuth-modified mesoporous platinum microelectrodes. Application to the electro oxidation of formic acid[J].Electrochemistry communications,2007(6):1388-1393. |
| [5] | Emerilis Casado-Rivera;David J. Volpe;Laif Alden;Cora Lind;Craig Downie;Terannie Vazquez-Alvarez;Antonio C. D. Angelo;Francis J. DiSalvo;Hector D. Abruna .Electrocatalytic Activity of Ordered Intermetallic Phases for Fuel Cell Applications[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2004(12):4043-4049. |
| [6] | Roychowdhury C;Matsumoto F;Zeldovich VB;Warren SC;Mutolo PF;Ballesteros M;Wiesner U;Abruna HD;DiSalvo FJ .Synthesis, characterization, and electrocatalytic activity of PtBi and PtPb nanoparticles prepared by borohydride reduction in methanol[J].Chemistry of Materials: A Publication of the American Chemistry Society,2006(14):3365-3372. |
| [7] | Tripkovic AV;Popovic KD;Stevanovic RM;Socha R;Kowal A .Activity of a PtBi alloy in the electrochemical oxidation of formic acid[J].Electrochemistry communications,2006(9):1492-1498. |
| [8] | Demarconnay L;Brimaud S;Coutanceau C;Leger JM .Ethylene glycol electrooxidation in alkaline medium at multi-metallic Pt based catalysts[J].Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry: An International Journal Devoted to All Aspects of Electrode Kinetics, Interfacial Structure, Properties of Electrolytes, Colloid and Biological Electrochemistry,2007(1/2):169-180. |
| [9] | Chandrani Roychowdhury;Futoshi Matsumoto;Paul F.Mutolo;Hector D.Abruna;Francis J.DiSalvo .Synthesis,Characterization,and Electrocatalytic Activity of PtBi Nanoparticles Prepared by the Polyol Process[J].Chemistry of Materials,2005(23):5871-5876. |
| [10] | Xiang Li;Ge Chen;Jia Xie .An Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation in DMFC: PtBi/XC-72 with Pt Solid-Solution Structure[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2010(4):B580-B584. |
| [11] | Bauer JC;Chen X;Liu QS;Phan TH;Schaak RE .Converting nanocrystalline metals into alloys and intermetallic compounds for applications in catalysis[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry: An Interdisciplinary Journal dealing with Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications of Materials, Particulary Those Associated with Advanced Technology,2008(3):275-282. |
| [12] | Xiulei Ji;Kyu Tae Lee;Reanne Holden .Nanocrystalline intermetallics on mesoporous carbon for direct formic acid fuel cell anodes[J].Nature Chemistry,2010(4):286-293. |
| [13] | Tusi, M.M.;Polanco, N.S.O.;Da Silva, S.G.;Spinacé, E.V.;Neto, A.O. .The high activity of PtBi/C electrocatalysts for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline medium[J].Electrochemistry communications,2011(2):143-146. |
| [14] | Salim Derrouiche;Codruta Zoican Loebick;Lisa Pfefferle .Optimization of Routes for the Synthesis of Bismuth Nanotubes: Implications for Nanostructure Form and Selectivity[J].The journal of physical chemistry, C. Nanomaterials and interfaces,2010(8):3431-3440. |
| [15] | Oana M;Hoffmann R;Abruna HD;DiSalvo FJ .Adsorption of CO on PtBi2 and PtBi surfaces[J].Surface Science: A Journal Devoted to the Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces,2005(1):1-16. |
| [16] | John L. Haan;Richard I. Masel .The influence of solution pH on rates of an electrocatalytic reaction: Formic acid electrooxidation on platinum and palladium[J].Electrochimica Acta,2009(16):4073-4078. |
| [17] | Blasini DR;Rochefort D;Fachini E;Alden LR;DiSalvo FJ;Cabrera CR;Abruna HD .Surface composition of ordered intermetallic compounds PtBi and PtPb[J].Surface Science: A Journal Devoted to the Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces,2006(13):2670-2680. |
| [18] | L. Demarconnay;C. Coutanceau;J.-M. Leger .Study of the oxygen electroreduction at nanostructured PtBi catalysts in alkaline medium[J].Electrochimica Acta,2008(8):3232-3241. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%