随着锂离子电池在电动汽车和储能领域的大量使用,废旧锂离子电池所面临的环境和资源问题日益突出.为了更好地资源利用和环境保护,世界各国对废旧锂离子电池中有价金属的回收和利用,及无危害处理相当重视.文中综述了国内外对废旧锂离子电池回收技术的研究现状,比较了不同回收途径的优缺点,讨论了回收技术的发展方向.本文中归纳的废旧锂离子电池回收方法,在目前回收领域中得到了广泛地研究,并且起到了显著效果,但是大多集中在对锂、钴、镍、锰、铜、铝等有价金属的回收利用上,对废旧锂离子电池中的导电碳、石墨以及电解质的回收和处理方面的研究较少,对工艺过程中产生的污染和安全性问题也缺乏系统的研究.另外,随着锂离子电池生产技术的发展,新的电极材料将会出现并取代过渡金属氧化物,比如单质硫、导电聚合物等；同时也需要相应的电解液与之匹配,如新型的有机电解液、聚合物电解质等,这将向废旧锂离子电池回收技术提出了新的要求.今后废旧锂离子电池资源化回收技术的研究方向是降低成本,减少污染和实现回收物质的多元化以及提高回收率.
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