概述了高温超导接收机前端在地面移动通信、为卫星有效载荷星上通信机和其它电子系统方面的应用.介绍了超导接收机中决定灵敏度最关键的器件高温超导带通滤波器和低噪声放大器的近年发展情况,进而介绍了高温超导接收机前端的技术发展开发.电子科技大学应用高温超导薄膜研制了X波段低插损(L=0.3dB)窄带通滤波器(BPF)和中频带通滤波器(IFBPF),同时研制了X波段工作于77K液氮温区的NF为0.36dB的低噪声放大器(LNA).引进了工作于77K液氮温区的插损为6dB的混频器(MIX)和中频放大器(IFA).从而研制成功国内第一台高温超导高灵敏度接受机前端系统.为尽可能提高接收机灵敏度,采用低插损、低导热的薄壁不锈钢电缆为输入端电路,组建了用液氮制冷的BPF-LNA-MIX-IFBPF-IFA电路型式的接收机前端电路.获得的主要指标为:工作频率:f=9500MHz;中频带宽:BIF=5MHz;工作温度:T=77K;灵敏度:S=-106.18dBm(24.1μμW);噪声温度:Te=58K.
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