在水溶液中,于常温常压下分别使用聚乙烯醇(PVA)和十二烷基三甲基溴化胺(DTAB)为表面活性剂,用电子束辐照方法制备了纳米镍粉;用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、紫外可见分光光度计和红外光谱对所得产物进行了表征.结果表明:以PVA作表面活性剂得到相对纯的纳米镍粉,平均粒径约为12.6 nm;而以DTAB为表面活性剂得到镍和三氧化二镍的混合物,平均粒径约为25 nm;采用PVA为表面活性剂在产品的纯度和粒度上都优于DTAB.
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