提出一种用HNO3、HClO4和HF消解样品、高分辨连续光源原子吸收光谱法测定硫在富燃空气-乙炔火焰中形成的CS双原子分子的吸收来测定煤中硫的新方法.实验用含硫标准溶液和煤的标准物质优化了仪器条件,并用不同混合酸对煤样的消解方法进行了比较.对可能存在的光谱和化学干扰、有机溶剂对硫的化合物CS吸收的影响进行了研究.结果表明:除了Fe 258.045 nm线与CS 258.056 nm线的波长差小于0.015 nm外,其他元素干扰线与CS线的波长差均大于0.015 nm,因此可以通过仪器的高分辨率使这些干扰线与CS线分开,克服干扰；Fe 258.045谱线虽然不能与CS 258.056 nm谱线完全分离,但是该谱线在富燃乙炔空气火焰中的吸收强度很弱,不能形成真正的干扰；Pb与溶液中的SO42-反应产生Pb-SO4沉淀降低了CS的吸收,可在溶液中加入乙酸铵溶液,使SO42-从PbSO4沉淀中释放出来而消除铅的干扰；HNO3、HClO4对CS的吸收影响不明显；在研究的甲醇、乙醇、乙酸、乙腈和丙酮5种有机溶剂中,只有乙醇对CS吸收有较显著的抑制作用,丙酮和乙腈能显著提高CS的吸收.对于CS 3条吸收线(257.594,258.056,257.961 nm),硫校准曲线的线性范围均为50～1 000mg/L,检出限分别为34mg/L,21 mg/L,12 mg/L.本方法用于煤标准物质和煤层样品中硫的测定,测定值与认定值相符,测定结果的相对标准偏差在0.053％～0.082％间(n=5).
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