借助于X射线衍射,研究了C、Mn、Cr和Ni 含量对304奥氏体不锈钢拉伸力学性能和应变诱发马氏体相变倾向的影响.结果表明:C、Mn、Cr和Ni在允许的成分范围内变化,应变诱发α′马氏体相变倾向差异很大,这导致屈服强度和抗拉强度复杂的变化,尽管应变诱发α′马氏体相变使加工硬化速率提高,相变可以诱发塑性,但相变速率较快,相变倾向较大的钢塑性反而下降,此外,由于室温变形还增大热诱发马氏体相变倾向,从而限制了 C、Mn、Cr和Ni下限钢在高精度和低温环境下构件的应用.
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