贵州某铜矿是大陆拉斑玄武岩型.通过对该矿附近4种苔藓植物(小蛇苔、长叶曲柄藓、薄壁仙鹤藓和尖叶匐灯藓)及其生长基质中的Cu,Zn,Ca,Mg,Cd,Pb,Hg和As 8种元素进行测定分析,结果表明:①Hg,Cu,Zn和Cd含量较高,尤以Cu是国家标准值的8.87倍;②小蛇苔对Cd强烈富集,可用于治理该矿Cd污染;③长叶曲柄藓对Cu的富集系数是0.769,长叶曲柄藓、小蛇苔和尖叶匐灯藓对Zn的富集系数分别是0.731,0.639和0.599,长叶曲柄藓、薄壁仙鹤藓和尖叶匐灯藓对Cd的富集系数分别是1.127,1.074和0.814,4种苔藓植物对Pb的富集系数是0.734～1.150,薄壁仙鹤藓和长叶曲柄藓对Hg的富集系数分别是1.227和0.519,小蛇苔和长叶曲柄藓对As的富集系数分别是1.374和0.560,属于同一富集水平,说明这4种苔藓植物可以指示其生长基质中的Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,Hg和As含量;④相关分析显示,Cd-As和Hg-Ca均在0.01概率水平极显著正相关;Ca-Mg和Mg-Hg均在0.05概率水平显著正相关,两种元素间均产生协同作用.
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