以棕刚玉、氮化硅和碳化硅为原料在空气气氛下制备试样.采用静态坩埚法测试试样的抗渣和抗碱侵蚀性能.采用XRD、 SEM和EDS等检测方法,研究了高炉渣和碱蒸气对试样的侵蚀机制.结果表明:(1)Al2O3-Si3N4-SiC复合材料的抗炉渣侵蚀性较好,抗碱侵蚀性较差.渣侵蚀主要是由于基质中的Al2O3与渣中的SiO2、CaO反应生成低熔点玻璃相,导致渣在试样内部渗透并反应;刚玉颗粒与渣中的MgO反应生成镁铝尖晶石,并伴随有体积膨胀,使其表层结构疏松.(2)碱蒸气侵蚀主要是K(g)在试样内扩散得比较深,并与基质中的Al2O3反应生成钾长石类矿物晶体;而刚玉颗粒与K(g)反应,导致刚玉颗粒内部产生大量裂缝,K(g)沿裂缝进入并与刚玉反应生成β-Al2O3,使刚玉颗粒表面剥落,露出新的表面与K(g)反应,最终导致刚玉颗粒的熔蚀.但复合材料中SiC质量分数大于10%时,能有效抵制K(g)的侵蚀.
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