研究了非离子型表面活性剂OP-10对硫酸盐镀镍镀层硬度、内应力、表面形貌、孔隙率及电解液阴极电流效率、分散能力和阴极极化的影响.采用X-射线衍射仪分析了镍镀层微观结构.结果表明,加入适量的OP-10能细化镍镀层的晶粒尺寸,0.4mL/L OP-10使镍镀层表面出现大量凹坑.随着OP-10的增加,镍镀层的硬度和拉应力增大,孔隙率减小,而电解液的电流效率、分散能力变化不大.在较低的过电位下,OP-10能显著增加镍沉积的极化电位.分析表明,当ρ(OP-10)在0～0.3 mL/L时,镍镀层的结晶取向为(200)面;当ρ(OP-10)为0.4mL/L时,镍镀层的结晶取向则转变为(400)面.
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