应用超声疲劳试验技术,对两种高强度钢(42CrMo4,100Cr6)在20kHz频率下的超高周疲劳性能进行测试分析.实验结果表明:两种钢的S -N曲线在106周发生了明显的变化,出现了水平渐近线.尽管23个42CrMo4钢试样用于1010周的疲劳试验,但在8.76×107循环周次以上,没有疲劳破坏发生,42CrMo4钢存在疲劳极限,而100Cr6钢的S -N曲线呈现台阶型.高精度热成像仪检测不同载荷条件下疲劳试样温度的变化结果显示:温度的变化与试验材料和加载水平有关.试样温度的快速升高发生在超声疲劳试验的初期,温度的变化反映了材料内部的热耗散过程.裂纹萌生后,微裂纹处不可逆的局部塑性变形导致裂纹萌生区温度急剧升高,疲劳试样内部温度场的变化反映材料的疲劳损伤过程.SEM观察表明:在长寿命区,疲劳裂纹常萌生于试样内部或次表层组织缺陷处.
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