介绍了一种实验室自行研制的半固态浆料制备及流变成形设备,该设备主要由熔炼炉、剪切制浆装置、温度控制系统、气体保护装置、连接装置及压铸系统组成.研究了在不同工艺条件下通过该流变成形设备制备A357铝合成形件的组织特点.探讨了半固态流变压铸过程中的凝固行为.实验结果表明:通过该实验设备能有效的消除普通铸造中出现的粗大树枝晶,制备出细小、圆整且均匀分布的半固态组织,而且能消除铸件中的气孔和显微疏松.剪切速率的增大有利于半固态A357铝合金初生α1-Al晶粒的形成及球化.在半固态浆料制备过程中,以初生α1-Al晶粒的形成为主;在随后的压铸过程中,则以较为细小的二次凝固α2-Al晶粒的形成为主.
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