通过中碳钢缺口退磁试件的拉-拉疲劳实验,利用磁记忆检测仪研究不同循环次数下试件应力集中区的离线磁信号变化特征.结果表明:试件加载前在缺口部位由于几何形状形成漏磁场而产生一异常波,加载后异常波可能产生反向;当循环加载到一定次数后,磁信号曲线趋于稳定;而到最后阶段,缺口部位的异常波波幅不断增加,到断裂时产生激变.通过消除钢制夹头的磁场干扰,提取出仅由应力集中引起的磁信号的最大磁场梯度,从而把整个疲劳过程大致划分为四个阶段,不同的阶段反映了应力集中部位损伤程度的不同变化;基于磁信号特征参量表征的损伤实验结果与理论计算的疲劳损伤演化规律一致,可用于疲劳寿命的早期预测.
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