常压干燥制备SiO2气凝胶是近年来该领域的研究重点,工艺条件的优化是提高气凝胶性能的关键.以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,甲基三乙氧基硅烷为共前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法,结合老化和三甲基氯硅烷-正己烷-无水乙醇混合溶液的二次表面改性,通过常压干燥工艺制备疏水SiO2气凝胶.利用BET,FT-IR,SEM,TEM和接触角测试等手段对气凝胶进行表征,系统研究水解时间、老化时间、老化温度和改性剂用量对气凝胶性质的影响.结果表明:水解16h,凝胶于55℃下老化48h后,在三甲基氯硅烷与正硅酸乙酯的摩尔比为1.56的混合液下改性48h制备的SiO2气凝胶的性能最好,其孔隙率92％,比表面积969m2/g,接触角达157°.
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