利用新型纳米材料——碳纳米纤维(CNF)对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)进行改性,采用转矩流变仪熔融共混和模压两步法制备1％～20％(质量分数,下同)CNF/HDPE复合材料.研究了CNF的分散特性及其对HDPE材料结晶行为和介电性能的影响.结果表明:CNF可良好分散于HDPE基体中,同时CNF会导致HDPE的结晶度和晶粒尺寸发生变化,并促进HDPE沿(110)晶面取向生长；另一方面,复合材料的介电常数随CNF含量增加而大幅度提高,当CNF含量为20％时,复合材料在103Hz下的介电常数达到580,比HDPE提高～1 50倍；同时由于CNF的存在,与介电常数不随频率变化的HDPE不同,复合材料的介电常数表现出强烈频率依赖性.CNF对复合材料的AC导电率也有显著影响,当CNF含量达到10％以上时,AC导电率表现出明显的直流特性.
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