采用等离子熔覆工艺制备了多层Ni60A+WC增强Fe基梯度涂层,增强相Ni60A+WC比例按10％(质量分数)逐层递增,研究了梯度涂层中WC颗粒的溶解及碳化物析出.结果表明:等离子熔覆加热阶段梯度涂层各层中WC颗粒均发生溶解,溶解的特征与WC大小及其内部缺陷有关,据此可将WC的溶解分为扩散式、芯部溶解式、溃散式、及扩散-芯部溶解复合式四种类型;在等离子熔覆凝固阶段,各层均析出富W型碳化物,析出位置及形貌与Ni60A+WC在每层的熔覆量有关,随着熔覆量的增加,富W型碳化物的析出特征依次为沿晶界呈网状→颗粒状→颗粒状+块状→小块状+簇团状→大块状+等轴状析出.析出的碳化物随着Ni60A+WC熔覆量的增加而增加且在各层中分布较均匀,测得梯度涂层的宏观硬度随着层数的增加呈线性递增分布.
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