对经过电解抛光、喷丸处理和喷丸处理再抛光的三种6151-T6铝合金试样的表面粗糙度及喷丸处理后试样表面硬化层的硬度进行测试.对三种表面状态不同的铝合金材料进行旋转弯曲疲劳实验.研究喷丸处理试样表面残余应力随疲劳实验的变化情况,以及喷丸处理对该铝合金疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:喷丸处理对材料疲劳性能的影响与加载的压应力水平有关.当加载的压应力与表面残余压应力之和不超过材料表面硬化层的循环屈服强度时,硬化层中的残余压应力在疲劳过程中不发生应力松弛,疲劳寿命得到大幅度提高;反之,将发生应力松弛现象,疲劳寿命的提高程度受残余压应力松弛程度的影响.此外,喷丸处理造成的材料表面粗糙度的增加,在全应力幅范围,使材料的疲劳寿命略有降低.
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