对以钢中珠光体相变为典型示例的共析分解研究工作给以浅简总结.在珠光体相变中,进行铁素体和渗碳体的合作形核和长大.珠光体相变时的领先形核相,铁素体或渗碳体,及其形核位置,晶界或晶粒内部,都决定于合金的成分、晶界偏聚、夹杂物、组元的扩散系数及形核能垒.由体扩散和界面扩散两类长大机制所导得的过冷度ΔT和珠光体片层间距S之间,由Zener所示的关系式:ΔT×S=const.都与不少试验结果相符.由于珠光体/奥氏体间界面含有不动位错及其他缺陷,理论上台阶机制应为合理的珠光体长大机制.先进实验已观察到长大台阶以及铁素体/奥氏体、铁素体/渗碳体和渗碳体/奥氏体之间都具有各自的位向关系.层状珠光体的形态,即珠光体片间距受控于过冷度,并决定珠光体的强度.
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