以聚氨酯为壁材、偶氮染料分散于乙酸丁酯中作为囊芯,采用原位聚合法制备了聚氨酯包覆光致变色化合物的微胶囊.考察了分散剂种类及用量、芯壁质量比、均化速度和搅拌速度以及合成温度对聚氨酯微胶囊粒径的影响.实验结果表明,与Tween80、OP-10、PVC相比,平平加O乳化剂更适合用于聚氨酯微胶囊的制备,且当平平加O用量从5％增加到15％时,微胶囊的平均粒径从0.6171μm降低到0.5236μm.随着芯壁质量比从1∶1减小到1∶8,聚氨酯微胶囊的平均粒径从0.4731μm增大到0.7147μm.随着均化速度及搅拌速度的增大,微胶囊平均粒径与速度成反比.预聚温度为20～60℃,扩链温度90～100℃对聚合和微胶囊平均粒径比较合适.
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