纳滤膜是一种重要的分离功能膜。发展一种既能描述纳滤过程基本物理现象又具有应用价值的离子截留模型是纳滤科学领域的一大挑战。从纳滤分离机理和模型建立两方面，对基于扩展的 Nernst-Planck方程的道南位阻孔模型(DSPM)进行了总结，综述了考虑浓差极化层的 CP-DSPM模型、考虑介电效应的DSPM&DE模型以及同时考虑两种影响因素的PPTM模型。采用上述4种模型，基于有限元模拟方法获得了溶液渗透通量与离子截留率的关系曲线，并开展了比较性分析。最后简述了荷电纳滤膜DSPM模型以及纳滤技术的发展方向。
Nanofiltration was a very useful separation process having many industrial applications.The predic-tion of separation performances requires the understanding of the various physical phenomena governing the mass transfer through the membrane.It remains as a challenge in the field of nanofiltration to develop a practi-cal model for the retention of ions that describes the fundamental physical phenomena of nanofiltration process. This paper summarizes the DSPM-type mass transfer model which was based on the extended Nernst-Planck e-quation,which was constructed for the prediction of the separation efficiency with a minimum of characteriza-tion experiments.As the supplement of DSPM,CP-DSPM which involved a concentration polarization layer, DSPM & DE which concerned dielectric exclusion,and PPTM which considered the above two factors are re-viewed.In addition,the numerically simulated results of ion rej ections under conditions of different water flu-xes by means of the above-mentioned four models are compared.Lastly,the development tendency of the nano-filtration science and DSPM model was presented.
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