通过不同表面活性剂制备出两种不同形貌的PbWO4晶体，并作为功能填充料添加到天然胶乳当中，得到具有良好力学性能及γ射线防护性能的PbWO4橡胶复合材料。采用 XRD、SEM、荧光(PL)、电子万能试验机、NaI(TI)探测仪等方法对晶体的结构和性质及复合橡胶的力学性能、γ射线辐射防护特性作了分析和表征。结果表明，不同形貌的 PbWO4晶体在橡胶基质中分散良好，光致发光性质越好的PbWO4晶体对γ射线的屏蔽率越好，最高可达20.79%(填量为30%)，且粒径越小在胶乳中分散越好的PbWO4晶体，有助于提高γ射线的屏蔽率，力学性能明显高于未添加PbWO4晶体的纯天然胶乳。
In this paper,lead tungstate(PbWO4 )crystals with two different morphologies have been synthesized via a direct precipitation method by using various surfactants.All of crystals will lead to good mechanical prop-erties andγ-ray protective performance of PbWO4 rubber composite when they were added into natural rubber latex as functional units.By using XRD,SEM,fluorescence(PL),electronic universal testing machine and NaI (TI)detectors,the structure and property of microcrystals have been analyzed,the mechanical properties andγ-ray protective performance of composite rubber have been characterized.The results indicated that PbWO4 microcrystals were well dispersed in natural rubber latex.PbWO4 crystals with better photoluminescence prop-erties will present higherγ-ray shielding rates which reaches the highest value of 20.79% (filler content 30%). And smaller size of PbWO4 crystals which dispersed well in natural rubber latex will contribute to improvingγ-ray shielding rate.The mechanical strength was significantly higher than those pure natural latex without adding PbWO4 crystals.
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