喷射成形是将熔融金属雾化和沉积过程相结合，直接由熔融金属制备具有快速凝固组织特征坯体的新型金属材料成形工艺。被引入到非连续增强体金属基复合材料制备领域后，先后发展出了预混喷射成形、反应喷射成形和喷射沉积等工艺方法。介绍了上述颗粒增强金属基复合材料喷射成形工艺方法的基本原理、特点及研究现状。通过对比分析发现喷射沉积技术由于其成形条件限制较少，适用范围广等特点得到了更为广泛的发展，最后结合自身研究对传统喷射沉积技术进行了一定的改进，采用气体-增强颗粒两相流作为雾化介质以期获得提高雾化效率和改善增强颗粒分布均匀性的双重效果。
Spray forming was a new developed high-performance metal forming technology,during the process of which the metal stream was firstly atomized into a spray of droplets by high-pressure gas j ets and then deposited on a substrate.After the introduction of spray forming into the preparation of metal matrix composites,several preparation methods were developed such as particulate premixed spray forming,reaction spray forming and spray deposition.The principles,characteristics,and development situations of the mentioned methods were re-viewed.Through the comparative analysis,spray deposition was a promising preparation method because of the technological feasibility and extensive adaptability.At last a self-developed spray deposition technology was in-troduced.During the progress,a gas-particulate dual-phase was used as the atomizing medium to improve the atomization efficiency and enhance the particulate distribution uniformity.
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