采用塑性聚合物方法制备了无铅(K0．2 Na0．8)0．5 Bi0．5 TiO3(KNBT)压电纤维,研究了预应力对其铁电和压电性能的影响.结果表明,塑性聚合物方法可以制备出结构致密、物相单一的压电纤维.预应力的施加对纤维的剩余极化强度、矫顽场及应变产生不同程度的影响.少量施加预应力(由0．1 MP a 增加到1 MPa),最大应变(Smax)和剩余应变(Srem)明显增大,此时剩余极化强度(Pr)和矫顽场(Ec)基本保持不变,继续施加预应力(超过1 MPa),Smax、Srem、Pr、Ec均减小.这可能是由于预应力的存在可以促使样品产生铁弹形变而增加其应变,同时,也会对样品产生夹持作用而使得非180°畴在外电场作用下难以翻转.因此,施加适当的预应力,可以在不影响 KNBT 纤维铁电性能的基础上提高其压电性能.
Lead-free potassium sodium bismuth titanate (K0.2 Na0.8 )0.5 Bi0.5 TiO3 (KNBT)fibers were fabricated by viscous plastic processing (VPP)method.Then,the effect of prestress on ferroelectric and field-induced strain properties of KNBT fibers was investigated.The results indicated that KNBT fibers with single phase and dense structure could be obtained via VPP method.Prestress had an influence on remnant polarization,coercive field and strain of fibers to various extents.The maximum strain and remnant strain increased with increasing pre-stress,whereas the remnant polarization and coercive field keep almost unchanged.Further increasing pre-stress,the maximum strain,remnant strain,remnant polarization and coercive field were reduced.This can be associated with ferroelastic deformation helping enhance the strain caused by prestress.The non-180°domain switching is constrained by prestress at the same time.Therefore,applying appropriate prestress can not only not affect the ferroelectric properties of KNBT fibers,but also improve its piezoelectric properties.
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