采用带屏蔽的光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等手段对中子辐照后国产A508-3钢冲击功异常试样的冲击断口形貌、显微组织、晶粒尺寸、孔洞和第二相夹杂物进行了观察和分析,并探讨了产生异常的可能原因.结果表明,在本次辐照实验条件下(中子注量2.97×1019 n/cm2,辐照温度(290±15)℃,国产A508-3钢试样辐照前后的显微组织均为贝氏体组织,且晶粒尺寸未见明显变化,不是导致冲击功产生异常的主要原因,其直接原因可能是基体组织中体缺陷(孔洞)数量的差异;组织中的孔洞分为两种类型,一种为填充了Al2O3、MnS、Al-Mg-O三元化合物等层片状复合第二相粒子的孔洞另一种为未填充任何第二相的空洞,且孔洞中第二相与基体结合较差,易导致材料韧性降低.
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