采用表面机械研磨技术(SMAT)对304不锈钢进行表面纳米化处理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电镜和显微硬度仪对处理后的不锈钢表面层组织进行表征,并在不同温度下对表面纳米组织的热稳定性进行研究.结果显示,经过SMAT后,表面获得了约436μm厚度的变形层,表面晶粒尺寸约为80 nm;在SMAT处理过程中发生了应变诱发马氏体相变;表层晶粒的细化能显著提高组织的显微硬度;当保温温度在550℃以下时,表层纳米组织具有良好的稳定性,当温度超过600℃时晶粒显著长大.
Surface nanocrystalline was obtained by means of surface mechanical attrition technology (SMAT)on the 304 stainless steel.The microstructure of stainless steel was characterized by optical microscope(OM),scan-ning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM)and micro-hardness tester.Thermal stability of the surface microstructure was studied by annealing at different tempera-tures.The results show that:the plastic deformation layer of 436μm is obtained after SMAT,and the the grain size of surface is about 80 nm.Deformation-induced martensitic transformation occurs in the SMAT process. Grain refinement of surface significantly improves microhardness.The surface structure has good stability when the annealing temperature is under 550 ℃,while grains grow significantly when the annealing temperature ex-ceeds 600 ℃.
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