以魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)为原料,制备了一种用于去除不同材料表面模拟放射性核素 U(Ⅵ)污染的魔芋葡甘聚糖醋酸酯(KGMA)去污剂.研究了KGMA浓度、U(Ⅵ)污染时间、初始污染量、温度对去除率的影响,同时利用SEM-EDX、XPS对去污机理进行了分析,并借助TG-FT-IR联用技术对去污膜的热分解特性和分解产物进行了研究.结果表明,KGMA去污剂对4种材料表面U(Ⅵ)污染的去污效果显著,当环境温度在10~40℃变化时,4种材料的去污率在90％~99％.对U(Ⅵ)的去除是物理和化学共同作用的结果.KGMA去污膜在空气氛围中的失重率为96．07％,高温热解时产生气体的主要成分为 H2 O、CO2和CO,未见其它有害成分.
A kind detergent of KGM acetate (KGMA)was prepared from Konj ac glucomannan (KGM),and applied to remove simulated uranium U(Ⅵ)contamination on the surface of various material.The influences of the concentration of KGMA,pollution time,initial content of U(Ⅵ)and temperature on removal rate were studied,and the decontamination mechanism of was analysed with SEM-EDX and XPS.The thermal decomposition characteristics and products of the de-contamination film were studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TG)coupled with Fourier transform infared spectromotry (FT-IR).The results show that four kinds of materials have remarkable removal effect for U(Ⅵ)on the surface.When the environment temperature changes at 10-40 ℃,the decontamination rate of the four materials is 90%-9 9%.The mechanism of the removal of U(Ⅵ)by KGMA detergent is the combination of physical and chemical interac-tion.The main gaseous products from thermal decomposition of KGMA decontamination film at high temperature were H2 O,CO2 and CO,no other toxic and harmful substances was detected.
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