以玉米淀粉为原料使用酸解法制备了淀粉纳米晶(SNC),然后以马来酸酐和丙烯酸甲酯为单体通过熔融接枝的方法对聚乳酸(PLA)进行接枝改性,制得改性 PLA(mPLA),再将 SNC、mPLA 和 PLA 通过溶液浇注法制备复合材料.利用红外光谱、力学性能测试、扫描电子显微镜、广角 X 射线衍射、差式扫描量热-热重同步热分析研究了SNC/PLA复合材料的结构与性能.结果表明,在SNC/PLA复合材料中加入适量的mPLA,SNC与PLA的相容性改善,SNC团聚现象明显减少；随着 mPLA含量的增加,SNC/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度先上升后下降,当 mPLA 的含量为12％时,SNC/PLA 复合材料的拉伸强度与未加 mPLA 的相比增加了32．1％；加入mPLA后,PLA的结晶度提高而晶粒尺寸减小、热稳定性也有所提高.
Starch nanocrystals (SNCs)were prepared by acid hydrolysis of corn starch,grafting modified poly (lactic acid)(mPLA)was prepared using maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate as monomers through the melt grafting method.Then SNC,mPLA and PLA were compounded to prepare composites via solution casting tech-nique.The structure and properties of SNC/PLA composites were analyzed by FT-IR,mechanical testing, SEM,WAXD and simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (DSC-TG).Results show that adding mPLA into SNC/PLA composites improves the compatibilization between SNC and PLA and de-creases agglomeration of SNC significantly.The tensile strength of SNC/PLA composites first increases then decreases with the content of mPLA,when the content of mPLA is 12%,it increases about 32.1% in compari-son with that of non compatibilized composite.With the addition of mPLA,the PLA phase in SNC/PLA com-posites exhibits higher crystallinity but smaller crystalline size,the thermal stability of PLA is also improved.
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