锂离子电池被广泛应用于移动电子设备，在电动汽车和各类储能系统有良好的应用前景，是未来最具发展前途的储能电池之一。作为一种锂离子电池负极材料，钛酸锂因具有高的脱嵌锂平台电位，优异的循环性能，突出的热稳定性和安全特性而备受重视。总结了钛酸锂负极材料在结构形貌和电化学性能方面的研究进展，对其微纳米化、表面改性和离子掺杂等方面新的研究成果进行了概述。微纳米化可以赋予材料更大的表面积，有助于锂离子迁移，电极材料与电解液可以更好的接触，产生更大的锂离子迁移电流，有利于提升钛酸锂材料倍率性能；表面改性手段主要以碳包覆、金属-钛酸锂复合材料和形成新表面相为主，通过这些手段可以改善材料导电性和提高电池的循环性能；离子掺杂可使部分 Ti4＋转变为 Ti3＋，提高钛酸锂材料的电子导电性。对钛酸锂作为锂离子电池负极材料未来的发展方向进行了展望。
Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most promising battery systems to be widely used in portable e-lectronics,electric vehicles,and energy storage systems.Lithium titanate (Li4 Ti5 O12 )has been intensively in-vestigated as an important anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its high potential of around 1 .5 5 V (vs. Li/Li+)during charge and discharge,excellent cycling stability,and high thermal stability and safety.This pa-per reviews the recent advances in structure and electrochemical performance of lithium titanate involving on new preparation methods of micro/macro particle,surface modification and ion doping.The micro/macro parti-cles can provide greater surface area and shorten the migration distance for Li+.The better contact between the electrode and electrolyte produces benefits transportation of Li+,which improves the cycling performance of Li4 Ti5 O12 .The major methods of surface modification are carbon coating,forming Li4 Ti5 O12/metal composites and modification by new surface phase.Such methods aim to increase the conductivity and improve the cycling per-formance of Li4 Ti5 O12 .Doping ions increases the electron concentration and electronic conductivity since the partial Ti4+ transform to Ti3+.The future development of lithium titanate as anode materials in lithium-ion bat-teries is also prospected in this review.
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