为在膜表面构造荷电性分离层,本文利用超临界 CO2流体合成聚(苯乙烯-马来酸酐)接枝2-二甲氨基乙胺共聚物,再与1,4-对二氯苄季铵化反应,在PSf膜表面形成季铵盐结构的功能分离层.采用表面红外、扫描电镜、接触角和Zeta电位等对膜表面的化学组成、形貌、水润湿性和荷电性进行表征,研究共聚物浓度对 MgCl2透过性能的影响.改性后,膜表面亲水性增强,存在两个等电点,在 pH 值为4．5~7．6时,表现为荷正电性,共聚物溶液浓度在0．010％~0．0125％(质量分数)时,0．3 MPa 渗透通量为35~40 L/m2?h,对 MgCl2的截留率为60％~75％.结果表明,通过界面季铵化交联能够赋予膜表面一定的荷电性,调整 pH 值可对不同荷电性的盐进行截留.
In order to construct a charge separation layer,supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2 )was used as reac-tion medium in synthesizing SMA-g-DMEN copolymer,then the charge modified PSf membranes were fabrica-ted by quaternization crosslinking between N,N-Dimethylethylenediamine andα,α′-Dichloro-p-xylene.Chemical compositions,morphologies,hydrophilicities and charge properties of the membranes were investigated by FT-IR-ATR,SEM,water contact angle and Zeta potential,respectively.The results show that the membranes ex-hibit good hydrophilicity,there are two isoelectric points,at pH from 4.5 to 7.6,the modified membranes show positively charge properties.At the same time,when the copolymer concentration changes between 0.010wt%and 0.0125wt%,at 0.3 MPa,the water flux and the rejection of MgCl2 is 35-40 L/m2?h and 60%-75%,re-spectively.It demonstrates that the membrane is endowed with charge property by quaternization crosslinking and has a salt rejection property by changing pH.
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