磷因理论储锂储钠比容量高、倍率性能好,被认为是一种极具发展潜力的离子电池负极材料.近几年磷基材料在锂离子、钠离子电池负极上的应用研究取得了实质性的进展.综述了磷基材料作为离子电池负极材料的研究进展,包括磷单质、磷/碳复合物及金属磷化物;分析了磷基材料作为离子电池负极材料的特点及存在的问题,并提出对其进行无定形包覆和非晶化处理是解决问题的最佳手段;简述了电解液添加剂氟代碳酸乙烯酯对磷基负极材料电化学性能的影响;展望了磷基负极材料在能源方面的发展前景.
Phosphorus with advantages of super-high specific capacity and high-rate performance is considered as a promising anode material of ion batteries.In recent years, the studies of ion batteries have made a substantial progress and the related research system have been enriched, including the lithium-ion system and the sodium ion system.The current research of phosphorus-based anode materials is reviewed in detail with emphasis on research progress and electrochemical properties of elemental phosphorus, phosphorus/carbon composites, metal phosphide as anode materials.The characteristics and main problems of the phosphorus-based anode material are also analyzed in this paper.It proposes that amorphous coating and the crystallization process are the best way to solve the problem.Effect caused by electrolyte additive FEC on the electrochemical performance of phosphorus anode materials is briefly introduced.Finally, the development prospect of phosphorus anode materials in the future is also forecasted.
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