两次给小鼠腹腔注射硝酸钬溶液,相间24h,第二次注射24h后取股骨骨髓涂片,同时取肝脏检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力.结果发现,在(10～40)mg/kg·bw剂量范围内,微核率和三种酶的活力随剂量的增加而升高;当剂量升至80mg/kg·bw时,三种酶活力趋于下降,但仍高于阴性对照组,而微核率增加到最大值;当剂量升至160mg/kg·bw时,微核率和酶活力均低于阴性对照组.低剂量(＜40mg/kg·bw)硝酸钬溶液可促进骨髓细胞增殖,高浓度则表现出抑制作用.实验中还观察到核异常程度随剂量的增加而上升.推测低剂量钬离子通过诱导小鼠机体三种抗氧化酶活力的升高,清除部分自由基,一定程度上减轻了染色体损伤,高剂量则抑制了细胞分裂指数,又降低小鼠体内抗氧化酶活力,从而促进核异常.
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