以可溶性硝酸银和草酸或草酸铵为原料,利用氨为配位剂,通过配位沉淀法制备了棒状银粉前驱体,并采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜研究前驱体粉末的物相、成分与形貌,系统考察配位沉淀条件包括溶液pH值、反应温度、反应物浓度和陈化时间对前驱体粉末形貌、粒度和成分的影响.结果表明:Ag(Ⅰ)-C2O42--NH3-NH4+-H2O反应体系中,在溶液pH =3.8 ～4.8,温度50～65℃,浓度0.3～0.4 mol/L,陈化时间为30 min的条件下可得到草酸银前驱体,其形貌为棒状.在惰性气氛下热分解该前驱体即可得到比表面积为1.054 m2/g棒状银粉,热分解产物对前驱体的形貌具有继承性.
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