用气压浸渗工艺制备了体积分数40%～50% Al2O3颗粒增强铝基复合材料,使用了四种不同尺寸的Al2O3颗粒,其平均粒径分别为5、10、30和60μm.测定了这些复合材料的静、动态压缩性能,并通过材料压缩前后密度变化的测量,定量表征了材料的累计损伤.结果表明,与基体材料相似,这些复合材料表现了明显的应变率敏感性;当增强颗粒平均粒径小于60μm时,材料的累计损伤基本与应变率无关,主要取决于材料的应变.材料中颗粒的破裂主要是由颗粒间的作用引起的.较小尺寸颗粒增强的复合材料具有较高的流动应力和较小的累计损伤,并随着颗粒体积分数的增加,材料的流动应力和损伤率都相应增加.
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