用破碎法制备了Sm12.8Fe87.2合金及其氮化物,对比研究了高能球磨工艺对母合金及其氮化物粉末的形貌、组织结构及磁性能的影响.研究发现,高能球磨细化Sm12.8Fe87.2合金粉末或Sm12.8Fe87.2Nx氮化物粉末的过程均由大粉末颗粒→压延或断裂成层片状→断裂成小颗粒3个阶段循环组成,并均在球磨一定时间后使粉末中的Sm2Fe17型相完全非晶化,α-Fe含量增高且没有完全非晶化.球磨细化同粒度氮化物粉末的速度比母合金粉末的快.氮化过程不改变Sm12.8Fe87.2合金粉末球磨后的相结构.氮化物的非晶化过程应当为:Sm2Fe17Nx(晶态)→SmFeN(非晶)+α-Fe.经两种高能球磨方式得到的氮化物粉末的矫顽力随着球磨时间的延长而降低,而剩磁与磁化强度值在球磨时间短时降低,延长时间又增高,到球磨到主相非晶化后又降低.
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