采用非致冷焦面红外热像仪对5A06铝合金加筋筒型结构角焊缝的间断焊过程进行实时测量和研究.根据热像仪测温原理,研究并发现热像图上目标发射率与辐射度呈指数衰减关系,并依此确定5A06铝合金的发射率.针对结构特殊性和拍摄角度等问题,通过热像图上像素距离和实际尺寸的比例关系,采用离散的方法建立若干局部坐标系对焊缝正面温度场进行空间还原,将热像图中的温度信息还原为试件实际位置的温度场分布,为残余应力和变形的计算和研究提供了依据.对比热循环曲线发现,间断焊中前段焊缝对后续焊缝有很好的预热作用,提高后续焊缝的峰值温度,并改善焊缝区的组织和性能,同时热影响区晶粒粗大且硬度较高.
The discontinuous welding process of 5A06 aluminum alloy ribbed panels cylinder was measured and researched by the Thermal Imaging Infrared System. The emissivity and radiosity in the thermal image follow exponential decay according to the Infrared System working principle, and the emissivity of 5A06 aluminum alloy was determined. To deal with the particularity of the structure and shooting angle, based on the relationship between pixel distance and true size, the temperature data in heat image was reverted into the temperature distribution of welding seam by discrete local coordinate systems. Comparing with the heat-circulation, it is found that the formed welding seam warms up the latter ones, the temperature peak value of latter seams was raised; the weld microstructure was improved during the discontinuous welding, and the grain in the HAZ had been coarsed.
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