利用脉冲电铸法制备纯镍药型罩,研究脉冲参数对电铸镍微观组织和性能的影响规律.实验采用两种不同的电铸液配方,分别改变脉冲电源的占空比、频率、阴极电流密度,得出电铸镍硬度随电铸参数的变化规律.研究结果表明,在单向脉冲电铸条件下,增大正向电流的占空比能够使得电铸镍的硬度变小.在双向脉冲电铸条件下,连续增加正向电流的占空比可使得电铸镍的硬度先增大后减小.当占空比达到50%左右时,电铸镍的硬度达到最大值;频率增加使得电铸镍的硬度先缓慢增加,当频率增加到4 000 Hz以上时,电铸镍的硬度快速增加.随着阴极电流密度增加电铸镍的硬度会变小.与此同时,利用脉冲电流可以得到晶粒细小,晶粒形态为等轴晶的电铸镍.
In order to prepare electroformed nickel liners of shaped charges,the effect of pulsed electrical current on microstructures and properties was investigated.By using two kinds of solutions,changing occupancy proportion,frequency and cathodal current density,the relation between hardness of electroformed nickel and pulsed electrical current was obtained.In the case of unidirectional pulsed electrical current,the hardness of electroformed nickel diminished when increasing occupancy proportion of current.Under bidirectional pulse current condition,the hardness of electroformed nickel increased first and then decreased,when the occupancy proportion of positive direction current waa increased continuously.The hardness reached a mzximum when the occupancy proportion arrived at about 50%.Along with the increasing of current frequency,the hardness of electroformed nickel growing up slowly.After the frequency reaching 4 000 Hz,the hardness of electroformed nickel increased rapidly.In company with the increasing of cathodal current density,the hardness of electroformed nickel showed a tendency of diminishing.When the pulsed electrical current was employed,not only the grain size of the electroformed nickel took a ultrafine grain,but also the morphology of the grain in electroformed nickel showed a equiaxed grain in shape.
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