根据有序化理论,提出了预时效概念,并用无析出物形成的预时效处理研究了Cu-13.4Al-4. 0Ni单晶相变温度随预时效工艺的变化,结合DSC和偏光金相分析探讨了预时效与时效的界限.淬冷状态的Cu-Al-Ni单晶其相变温度可以根据需要进行预时效处理,经预时效后,其M s为淬冷态的Ms+0～70 ℃,As为淬冷态的As+0～90 ℃可调. 预时效温度应为淬冷态的Ms+100～200 ℃. 经过预时效的合金在马氏体状态下其相变温度保持稳定. 在高出淬冷态合金Ms点300 ℃以上随着保温温度的升高或保温时间的增长,处理后的 Ms、As等转变温度向高温移动,并且相应的β′1相的数量也会降低,γ′1 相量增加. 尽管此时没有析出物产生,但是单一β′1相转变为β′1+γ′1后,由于γ′1相很差的原位再现性而导致降低形状记忆行为和超弹行为.
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