在多点裂纹起始的情况下,可以观察到多个微观裂纹的萌生和早期扩展,所以宏观裂纹形成的寿命估算是比较复杂的.本文介绍一种二维计算机模型,模拟一种马氏体钢F82H的多点裂纹起始过程,损伤的累积程度通过单位面积裂纹密度表示,微裂纹萌生循环数通过Tanaka-Mura公式确定.该模型可以模拟材料的微观结构参数(如晶粒尺寸和取向)对裂纹萌生寿命的影响,给出定量的寿命估算表达式.模拟的裂纹密度和循环数的关系与试验结果符合得相当好.
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