对13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢进行了表层复合化学热处理,即在渗碳硬化层的基础上再进行渗氮处理,形成复合硬化层.采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针(EMPA)及显微硬度梯度测试等方法对复合化学热处理过程组织性能的演变规律进行探索研究.结果表明,13Cr4Mo4Ni4VA钢在复合化学热处理过程中,碳氮原子吸收和扩散使表层的碳氮浓度梯度分布,从而导致从表面到心部组织性能梯度变化,呈现不同的界面层;在不同热处理阶段,不同的界面层热处理响应不同,导致渗层不同组织、硬度分布和演变.碳氮复合化学热处理工艺和以往的单一渗碳、渗氮以及氮碳或碳氮共渗有本质区别,其不仅使表面硬度达到超硬化(>70HRC),而且渗层深,具有优异的梯度结构,承载能力强.
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