针对LY12铝合金材料的早期疲劳损伤问题,研究发展了一套可靠的超声非线性系数测量实验系统,利用该系统离线测量了LY12铝合金疲劳试件的超声非线性系数.实验结果表明,在未达到60％左右疲劳寿命时,超声非线性系数对LY12铝合金材料的早期疲劳损伤有很高的灵敏度.同时利用浸蚀法观察了LY12硬铝疲劳试件的位错密度变化,超声非线性系数和位错密度随疲劳周次的变化近似一致,表明超声非线性效应与晶体中的位错有关,超声非线性系数可以表征晶体材料内部位错的变化,进而预测金属材料的疲劳寿命.
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