通过实验测量了不同类型搅拌头条件下铝合金焊接试板特征点的温度曲线,分析了搅拌头轴肩尺寸和搅拌针形状对焊接试板温度场的影响.结果表明,轴肩是搅拌摩擦焊接热输入的主要来源,搅拌头轴肩尺寸越大,产生的焊接热量越大,对应试板测温点的温度越高.搅拌头针形对焊接初始阶段试板的温度有明显影响,稳定焊接阶段,试板温度与搅拌针的几何特征及其作用下焊缝金属的塑性流动有关.采用圆台形搅拌针时焊接试板温度最高,采用圆柱形搅拌针时试板温度次之,采用螺纹形搅拌针时试板温度最低.通过对采用圆柱形搅拌针时垂直于焊缝方向上焊接试板温度数据的回归分析,得到了焊接试板宽度方向温度分布的二次解析式.
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