利用分离式Hopkinson拉杆设备对五种航空常用铝合金2A12-CZ,2A12-M,2024-T351,7050-T74,7050-T7451进行了室温动态拉伸力学性能探究,并利用电子万能试验机对这五种材料进行了准静态拉伸力学性能测试,得到了五种铝合金在不同应变率下的拉伸真实应力应变曲线.试验结果显示:7050系列铝合金有较高的屈服强度,2A12M抗拉强度则最低.五种航空铝合金都表现出不同程度的正的应变率敏感效应,其中2A12-CZ敏感性最强,7050T7451敏感性最弱.五种铝合金动态拉伸失效应变明显大于准静态拉伸失效应变.2A12M与2024T351有较高的动态拉伸失效应变.在试验结果的基础上,选择Johnson-Cook本构模型,Cowper-Symonds本构模型来拟合这五种材料的动态本构,模型预测与试验结果吻合较好.
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