基于材料裂纹扩展阻力曲线(R曲线)及裂纹扩展能量释放率理论,定义疲劳载荷下的有效能量释放率(Geff)为疲劳裂纹完全张开后用于裂纹扩展的能量,与同一载荷循环中由裂纹扩展阻力曲线表征的消耗能相等,提出了一种能够反映裂纹扩展物理本质的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命预测模型.该模型可以计算每一载荷循环中的裂纹扩展量,进而预测疲劳裂纹扩展寿命.通过试验测定了7050-T7451铝合金板材的R曲线,采用最小二乘法拟合获得到了R曲线表达式.运用本模型对同种材料耳片结构的裂纹扩展寿命进行了预测,与试验结果吻合较好,优于传统Paris模型的预测结果.
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