研究了具有双边对称圆弧缺口(试样厚3 mm宽4 mm,缺口半径2 mm,缺口深0.6 mm)的二维正交编织C/SiC试样在室温空气中与高温真空下拉伸行;测量了拉伸过程中的应力、应变、初始模量和电阻;并用SEM观察断口.结果表明,2D-C/SiC材料除室温下缺口试样的拉伸强度低于光滑试样外,高温下两者基本相当,两者都随温度的升高变化也基本一致.高温下缺口试样拉伸强度与光滑试样相当说明,该材料对应力集中不敏感;室温时对应力集中敏感.缺口试样的断裂应变要远小于光滑试样的断裂应变.2D-C/SiC材料缺口试样基体裂纹开裂应力随着试验温度的上升逐渐增加.缺口试样的相当模量高于同一温度下光滑试样的弹性模量,两者都随着试验温度上升而增加,在1 100℃达最大值,然后开始下降.电阻表征的损伤大体上随载荷增加而增加,1 300℃和1 500℃条件下,较小载荷范围内有下降现象.从室温到1 500℃,所有断口中与载荷方向垂直的纤维束断裂面平整,平行于载荷方向的纤维束断面参差不齐.2D-C/SiC复合材料总体上仍属于脆性断裂,局部上有纤维或纤维束内小的纤维集团拔出,吸收了较多的能量,存在增韧机制.
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